Which of the following can falsely lower HbA1c?

Dawn phenomenon is due to:

Reverse cholesterol transport is performed by:

Fructosamine measures glucose control over:

A/G ratio reversal is seen in:

Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency causes:

Which enzyme hydrolyzes triglycerides in chylomicrons?

The glucose oxidase method measures:

Sitosterolemia is characterized by:

ApoA1 is the major apoprotein of:

Lipoprotein X is found in:

In gestational diabetes, the diagnostic test is:

Which condition causes pseudohyponatremia?

The glucose oxidase method measures:

Lipemic sample interferes with which test?

The preferred sample for glucose measurement if delayed is:

The most abundant plasma protein is:

Which hormone opposes insulin action?

Which vitamin is an antioxidant?

Which anticoagulant is used for glucose measurement?

Which of the following is a gluconeogenic substrate?

Hemolyzed sample falsely increases:

The confirmatory test for Cushing’s syndrome is:

Which principle is used in most automated chemistry analyzers?

The gold standard for HbA1c measurement is:

Lead poisoning inhibits which enzymes?

Which glucose meter method is most common?

Carboxyhemoglobin is elevated in:

In POCT, which is the most common error?

Wilson’s disease is diagnosed by:

Homocystinuria is associated with:

Methemoglobin is treated with:

Salicylate poisoning causes

ISE (ion-selective electrode) measures:

Wilson’s disease is diagnosed by:

Which glucose meter method is most common?

Methemoglobin is treated with:

Sickle cell test uses:

Carboxyhemoglobin is elevated in:

Which disorder presents with hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly, and seizures?

The most common hemoglobin variant worldwide is:

Which principle is used in most automated chemistry analyzers?

In POCT, which is the most common error?

The gold standard for HbA1c measurement is:

Centrifugal analyzers use:

HbF is measured by:

Specificity is:

Which of the following is a pre-analytical error?

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is due to deficiency of:

Maple syrup urine disease causes elevation of:

Blank correction in spectrophotometry removes:

Alkaptonuria presents with:

Sensitivity of a test is defined as:

PKU screening is done by:

Positive predictive value depends on:

Galactosemia is due to deficiency of:

The mean of a control is 100 mg/dL, SD 4. A result of 108 mg/dL violates which rule?

Coefficient of variation (CV) is calculated as:

CA 19-9 is associated with:

Coefficient of variation (CV) is calculated as:

Thyroglobulin is a marker for

Sensitivity of a test is defined as:

Levey-Jennings chart is used for:

Positive predictive value depends on:

Alkaptonuria presents with:

Which of the following is a pre-analytical error?

CA 15-3 is used in:

Specificity is:

The mean of a control is 100 mg/dL, SD 4. A result of 108 mg/dL violates which rule?

Normal CSF WBC count (/μL) is:

PSA is a marker for:

Light’s criteria differentiate:

Lactate in CSF is elevated in:

Beta-hCG is a marker for:

AFP is elevated in:

In tuberculous meningitis, CSF shows:

Pericardial fluid LDH > serum LDH suggests:

CEA is used to monitor:

Xanthochromia indicates:

Synovial fluid with crystals and low viscosity is seen in:

CA-125 is elevated in:

Vitamin C deficiency causes:

Which vitamin is required for blood coagulation?

In bacterial meningitis, CSF glucose is:

Xanthochromia indicates:

Zinc deficiency causes:

Copper is elevated in:

Normal CSF protein (mg/dL):

Vitamin B12 deficiency causes:

Which vitamin is fat-soluble?

Warfarin effect is monitored by:

Magnesium deficiency may cause:

In diabetes insipidus, urine specific gravity is:

Lipase is preferred over amylase for pancreatitis because:

Pheochromocytoma is diagnosed by elevated:

GGT is elevated in:

In hyperparathyroidism, serum calcium is:

Vitamin D is converted to active form in:

Iron is absorbed in which form?

AST is found in high concentration in:

Free T4 is preferred over total T4 because:

Amylase is elevated in all except:

Zinc deficiency causes:

Normal serum chloride range (mmol/L):

Which ECG change is seen in hyperkalemia?

Cardiac troponin remains elevated for up to:

Which condition causes false low serum creatinine?

The major extracellular cation is:

Which CK isoenzyme is specific for cardiac muscle?

In respiratory alkalosis, blood gas shows:

In acute glomerulonephritis, urine finding is:

Urine osmolality in a normal person after fluid restriction should be:

Normal serum potassium range (mmol/L):

High anion gap metabolic acidosis is seen in:

Normal HDL cholesterol level (mg/dL) in males is:

Which of the following is a ketone body?

Which of the following is the reference method for glucose estimation?

HbA1c target for most diabetic patients is:

The Somogyi effect refers to:

The normal fasting blood glucose level (mg/dL) in adults is:

Which lipoprotein is most atherogenic?

Hypoglycemic symptoms occur when blood glucose falls below:

In diabetic ketoacidosis, which finding is expected?

A patient from South America has destructive mucosal lesions of nose and palate (espundia) years after a cutaneous lesion healed. Which species causes mucocutaneous leishmaniasis?

Lipoprotein(a) is an independent risk factor for:

The USP <1229> guideline addresses:

Parametric release of sterilized products is based on:

The most critical parameter in hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization is:

Sublethal injury in microorganisms after inadequate sterilization can lead to:

The kill kinetics of sterilization processes typically follow:

Resistance of microorganisms to sterilization is affected by all EXCEPT:

The recommended biological indicator for vaporized hydrogen peroxide sterilization contains:

In ethylene oxide sterilization, aeration is necessary to:

The main advantage of ozone sterilization is:

In thermal death time curves, the slope represents:

In validation of moist heat sterilization, heat distribution studies determine:

Flash sterilization should be used:

Tyndallization (intermittent sterilization) is used for:

According to ISO standards, the Sterility Assurance Level (SAL) for medical devices should typically be:

Pasteurization differs from sterilization in that it:

Prions are most effectively destroyed by:

Standard autoclaving conditions typically include:

HEPA filters used in biological safety cabinets remove particles of size:

Hygiene prevents:

The mechanism by which moist heat kills microorganisms is primarily through:

Deworming treats:

Which of the following is an advantage of autoclaving over dry heat sterilization?

Glutaraldehyde at 2% concentration is classified as:

The Z-value in thermal death kinetics represents:

Malaria parasite:

Antibody function:

Vector transmits:

Hookworm causes:

Malaria diagnosed by:

Amoeba causes:

Immune cells:

Parasite lives on:

Active immunity:

Autoimmune disease:

Roundworm infection:

Stool examination detects:

Blood culture requires ?

Order of draw prevents ?

The most common site for venipuncture is?

Most common vein used ?

First step before venipuncture ?

Order of draw is important to prevent?

Hemolysis caused by ?

Tourniquet time limit ?

Antiseptic used ?

Which staining technique is used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Capillary blood used in ?

Color of EDTA tube ?

Syringe method alternative ?

Gloves are used for ?

Vein selection depends on ?

RBC stands for ?

Fasting sample means ?

Needle disposal ?

Blood spill cleaned with ?

Hematology test uses ?

Needle gauge commonly used ?

Avoid drawing from ?

Blood sample should be labeled ?

Patient position ?

High WBC count ?

Polycythemia means ?

ESR measures ?